Here's something against Obama that was unfairly taken down from YouTube.
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A lesson in the failures of "fair use"
by Lawrence Lessig
October 1, 2008 6:09 PM
I'm in Brazil, just finished with a lecture,
about to get on a plane back to the states.
When I arrived last night, my inbox was full
with a bunch of emails about an anti-Obama
remix video that had been taken down from
YouTube for copyright-related reasons by an
pseudonymous user on YouTube named
TheMouthPiece. I tried to follow the links
to get to see it, but couldn't. Finally, I
was able to locate it, and make it available
here for the purpose of demonstrating just
what's so wrong with the law of fair use and
why it has got to change. (I'm forced to
host this myself because of course no video
site will not carry it, and I don't want to
further complicate the .torrent debates.)
First, and obviously, for anyone who has
followed my work, I don't support the
substance of the video. It makes some
interesting and important points about the
problems leading up to this crisis. But I
think the suggestion about Obama at the end
is incorrect.
But second, and obviously again for anyone
who has followed my work, the fact that this
video was suppressed is ridiculous. (I don't
credit the suggestion it was suppressed for
political reasons, though of course, the
suppression lawyers don't consult me, so I
wouldn't know.)
That it was suppressed, however, is a
feature/bug of current copyright law. The
video is making a powerful (if wrong, imho)
argument about the source of responsibility
for this financial mess. It uses text
(sparsely placed, as is my own style too,
though the author needs a better font),
images of newspaper articles, pictures of
the candidates, and clips from television,
all to the end of making the political
argument.
That part's relatively easy from a fair use
perspective. What isn't is the music. As is
increasingly the style for amateur (in the
good sense of the word -- people who do what
they do for the love of what they do and not
for the money) remix: music is attached to
parts of the video to give it a special
boost in social meaning, or significance.
The cultural reference enhances the
political. It becomes part of the story.
So, for example. when describing how Fannie
and Freddie gave low interest and no
interest loans, the music is Dire Straits
"Money for Nothing." And when talking about
the speculation, Talking Head's "Burning
down the house." When talking about the
influence of money inside the campaigns,
AcDc "Money Talks." And when talking about
how "it ends now" if (as the author but not
this author hopes) Obama is defeated, the
music is "Survivor - Eye of the Tiger." In
each case, the music amplifies the message
in powerfully and socially relevant way.
[BUT NOTE: important disclaimer -- I am completely ignorant about the culture stuff, and have struggled to identify the music using lyric search engines. I have created a special page on my wiki which identifies all the songs I could identify, tagged to the seconds on the video. I have not had the time to verify this, or ask others to correct it. Please help by watching the video, and correcting any errors you see, and by filling out the description of the link between the lyrics and the message of the video]
So is this "fair use"? Well most of us would
hope it is, but there's no clear authority
to support that idea. Music is historically
(meaning over the past 20 years) extremely
tightly regulated. We have no clear or good
"fair use in music cases" except when the
music is being used to criticize or comment
upon the author whose music was being used.
So, the Campbell case in the Supreme Court
involved a parody of Roy Orbison's song.
That, the Court held, was fair use.
But in these amateur remix cases, the music
isn't being used to comment upon the
copyright holders -- ACDC isn't being used,
for example, to criticize them. And for this
category of use, there is, again, no clear
authority supporting a claim of fair use --
which the record companies interpret to mean
it is clearly not fair use.
Maybe it is. Maybe it isn't. But this whole
mess demonstrates clearly, in my view, the
need for us to get beyond the "fair use"
analysis. This is an amateur remix of
popular culture. It should be completely
exempt from copyright restrictions. When it
gets used commercially (by, say, YouTube),
then, in my view, YouTube should be
responsible for the work it is profiting
from -- through a flat, collective license,
for example, either created by law, or
negotiated by the parties. But only then
should there be a "copyright event." Until
it is used commercially in that sense, the
creator should be free to (re)create without
employing a lawyer to muddle through the
mess of complexity fair use law is. The law
has no useful function in this context. Or
put differently, amateur remix needs to be
deregulated.
Instead, of course, the law today has it
exactly backwards. It is the creator of this
work who is the alleged copyright infringer
under current law. And YouTube who is immune
from liability so long as it removes the
work as soon as it can.
This has got to change. We should be
regulating in copyright where it makes
copyright-sense to regulate. And in my view,
it makes no copyright-sense to be regulating
this kind of use. Sure, Tom Petty wouldn't
be happy with his work being associated with
a conservative message. But so what. When
your song is famous enough to provide this
sort of support in a message like this,
you've lost control of its meaning. And no
doubt, you've been well compensated for that
as well.
Let's hope this bit of copyright
over-regulation might begin to wake the
Right up to the need for a significant bit
of deregulation in the field of federal
culture policy (aka, copyright law).